The Financial Crisis Of 2007-09 - 1991 Words

Introduction The financial crisis that happened during 2007-09 was considered the worst financial crisis in the world since the great depression in the 1930s. It leads to a series of banking failures and also prolonged recession, which have affected millions of Americans and paralyzed the whole financial system. Although it was happened a long time ago, the side effects are still having implications for the economy now. This has become an enormously common topic among economists, hence it plays an extremely important role in the economy. There are many questions that were asked about the financial crisis, one of the most common question that dragged attention was ’’How did the government (Federal Reserve) contributed to the financial crisis?’’ In this essay, I will briefly explain what happened during the financial crisis of 2007-09, and also discuss the contribution of the government to the financial crisis. What leads to the financial crisis? The financial crisis did not happen in a day or two, it was triggered by a variety of events that happened.in years ago. In year 1998, The Glass-Steagall legislation was repealed, it is a legislation that separated investments and commercial banking activities in the financial sector. This act then allowed banks in the US to act in both the commercial and investment fields, which allowed them to participate in highly risky business. This is somehow responsible for the mortgage-backed derivatives, which is a main cause of theShow MoreRelatedWhat Happened During The Financial Crisis Of 2007-092501 Words   |  11 Pagesto Business The name of your teaching assistant: Yida Zhiu The date of submission: 09/03/2016 Word count: 2477 Title of Essay: Briefly explain what happened during the financial crisis of 2007-09. Choose any one aspect or question about the crisis which has attracted attention, and explain the findings of research on this question. Financial Crisis 2007-2009. When analyzing causes of the global financial crisis and its specific symptoms, it is clear that the deepening of globalization processesRead MoreThe Global Financial Crisis Of The Usa1383 Words   |  6 PagesThe recent global financial turmoil started on July 2007 ,mainly in the USA and spread among developed nations in the later part of 2008 and subsequently shifted to the developing nations .this crisis consisted of some prime drawbacks not only for the developed countries but also for developing countries .the most talked about issue in the recent financial arena in the global financial crisis ,which started to show its effect in the middle of the year 2007.the turmoil ,however ,was rooted in theRead MoreEconomic Recession1290 Words   |  6 PagesEconomic Recession of 2007 William Mwangi Class title and section Professor’s name Due date of Assignment: 26th August 2011. William Mwangi Economic crisis Class Professor’s name 24th August, 2011. Economic Recession of 2007: What caused it and what were the after effects? Can we predict another major recession? Thesis Statement: Although the recession that dates back in 2007 is still long and deep and surely has shown some recovery, the potential that it will completelyRead MoreHow Banks Went Broke : A Look Into The Financial Crisis Of 2007-20081696 Words   |  7 Pages Lawrence Humes 4/28/15 Mr. Donnellan Period 1 How Banks Went Broke: A Look into the Financial Crisis of 2007-2008 Nobody foresaw what was about to happen to the economy. In the beginning of the 21st Century the economy was at a state of peace and unity. People were taking loans and purchasing houses that they normally couldn’t afford while these houses were increasing in value. The banks were giving out loans to the people to purchase the houses and earning money on the interest ofRead More2007-2008 Financial Crisis1327 Words   |  6 PagesThe Global Financial Crisis of 2007-2008 The Global Financial Crisis 2007-2008 Economists and scholars spend years dissecting financial markets and evaluating the causes of booms and busts. Throughout United States history there have been multiple economic booms that were underestimated and followed by recessions. In the situation of the 2007-2008 global financial crisis many culprits have been identified as causes, such as loose monetary policy, credit booms, deregulation, over complexity,Read MoreSiam Sindhorn Essay1580 Words   |  7 PagesSiam†©Sindhorn†©Co.,†©Ltd.†© Applied†©Financial†©Engineering†© The†©logic†©behind†©the†©original†©deal†© †©Ã¢â‚¬ ©Ã¢â‚¬ ©Ã¢â‚¬ ©Ã¢â‚¬ © †©Ã¢â‚¬ ©To†©be†©achieved†©through†©the†©deal:†© †Ã¢â‚¬Ë† Clean†up†©the†©crossholding†©structure†©because†©of†© up†coming†©IPO†©(dispose†©of†©6%†©LH†©shares)†© †Ã¢â‚¬Ë† Minimize†©capital†©gain†©tax†©on†©stock†©sale:†©new†© BHV†©based†©in†©BriOsh†©Virgin†©Islands†©will†©issue†© bonds†©and†©sell†©them†©at†©the†©book†©value†© †Ã¢â‚¬Ë† AQract†©foreign†©investors†© †Ã¢â‚¬Ë† Receive†©Ã¯ ¬ nancing†©for†©company’s†©acOviOes†© 09/11/2011†© 8†© Advantages†©for†©the†©shareholders:†© Read MoreThe State Run Regulatory System942 Words   |  4 PagesState Regulation protecting the markets, insurance industry and policy holders and was evidenced during the financial crisis of 2008-09. The insurance business is highly profitable. â€Å"Well-run companies can make a lot of money, which breeds competition† from both â€Å"inside and outside competitors† (Property, 2013). Insurance companies were well â€Å"insulated† from the â€Å"severe† financial crisis of 2007-2008 that affected the banks and security firms, because the State regulations have the Insurance IndustryRead MoreUse an Extended Example to Critically Discuss How a Company’s Annual Report and Accounts Are Useful in Understanding and Analyzing Its Market, Productive and Financial Performance.1521 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscuss how a company’s annual report and accounts are useful in understanding and analyzi ng its market, productive and financial performance. Annual report and accounts like the income statement, the cash flow statement and the balance sheet, are financial accounting statement. They comprise numerical data over the past year and indicate the company’s prospect for future financial performance. The information would allow user groups to understand and analyse the company’s performance and to makeRead MoreIntroduction Of The Bank Of England986 Words   |  4 Pagesconcept leads to general idea of this paper, which will look at the evolution of output, inflation, the official bank rate set by the Bank of England and government spending in the UK (Greer, 2009). It is fascinating for one to track on how the global financial integration has been evolving for the past century. Understanding the evolution of output is possible by looking at the measured stocks of the external assets and liabilities; together with the cumulative consequences of the past cross-border capitalRead MoreThe Collapse of Lehman Brothers1138 Words   |  5 Pagesmortgage-induced financial crisis that swept through global financial markets in 2008. Lehman s collapse was a seminal event that greatly intensified the 2008 crisis and contributed to the erosion of close to $10 trillion in  market capitalization  from global equity markets in October 2008, the biggest monthly decline on record at the time. Read more:  http://www.investopedia.com/articles/economics/09/lehman-brothers-collapse.asp#ixzz2Do0uK5pz http://www.investopedia.com/articles/economics/09/lehman-brothers-collapse

Did Germany Cause The World War I Free Essays

When Wilhelm II became a Kaiser, paths for ever-growing German industry were already set and Germany was becoming a world’s super power. New Kaiser, who according to many historians was disturbed mentally, wanted for Germany to become greatest of all countries in Europe through growing military power ( potentially war ) and through obtaining overseas colonies, what will later on bring Germany in conflicts with other European major countries. Kaiser’s offensive foreign policy and Schliffen Plan are the facts which eliminate every suspicion about Germany being innocent in question of who caused the World War I. We will write a custom essay sample on Did Germany Cause The World War I or any similar topic only for you Order Now German foreign policy dramatically changed when Kaiser Wilhelm II forced Bismarck to resign in 1890. After Bismarck’s resignation, Kaiser set a new course for Germany. Wilhelm II made an emphasis on militaristic and expansionist policy while he tried to â€Å"defend† Germany’s â€Å"place in the sun†. This new offensive, provocative and irrational foreign political path ruined Germany’s relations with major European countries. German militarism, which is the crime of the last fifty years, had been working for this for twenty-five years. 1] First proof of Kaiser’s bad methodology came in 1893 when he failed to renew alliance with Russia. Now, the doors for Franco-Russian alliance were opened and the Bismarck’s worst fear about encirclement of Germany in case of war, was becoming a reality. In 1894, Franco-Russian alliance was ratified. In order to prevent fighting on two fronts, German Army Chief of Staff – Alfred von Schlieffen came up with a plan. This plan was worked out in the 1890’s and completed and changed a little bit by Von Molkte in 1906. The fact that Germany worked out the plan of attack and all the other countries had just plans how to defend themselves, is the reason why Germany was sole accused for causing the war. Schlieffen planned the attack and win over France to be faster than Russian mobilization. So, Germany would attack France through Belgium with 90% of its military forces and 10% would just stay on eastern border to defend Germany against eventual Russian attack. Schlieffen underestimated French forces and that is why Germany in the end faced war on two fronts. The Schlieffen Plan must rank as one of the supreme idiocies of modern times†¦ It estricted the actions of the German government disastrously. In July 1914 they had just two choices; either to abandon the only plan they had to win the next war, or to go to war immediately. [2] Except this expansion in Europe, Kaiser desired to gain overseas colonies. To conquer countries on other continents and to later protect them, Germany needed powerful fleet. By this policy, which Bismarck avoided during his period as a chancellor, Great Britain felt offended because its navy status as the most powerful one was at stake and overseas colonies could be threatened. To justify his decisions, Kaiser said that they needed bigger and more powerful fleet to protect their growing trade. With accusations from one and bad defending arguments from another side, naval rivalry began and both countries spent millions on building their new ships. Kaiser Wilhelm II did not think about efficiency of his foreign policy; he just cared about arms build-up and improvement in navy. With this act, he insulted Great Britain and eliminated every chance for friendly relations. There is no comparison between the importance of the German navy to Germany, and the importance of our navy to us. Our navy is to us what their army is to them. To have a strong navy would increase Germany’s prestige and influence, but it is not a matter of life and death to them as it to us. [3] All these irrational moves made by Germany and Kaiser, led to making of a new alliance system Entente Cordiale ( friendly ‘getting together’ ) in 1904 between Great Britain and France. Russia joined this alliance in 1907. Not even this did make Germany to change its foreign policy. In stead of getting rational, Germany kept provoking other European powers by interfering in their or theirs colonial governments and intern issues. There was possibility of French to takeover Morocco. Germany said that they will pledge they allegiance and support Moroccan fight for independence. This conflict was solved on the conference at Algeciras in Spain where Germany sustained grave diplomatic defeat. Russia, Britain, Spain and even Italy supported the French demand to control Moroccan bank and police. In 1908, Austria-Hungary formally annexed ( took over ) Bosnia. When Russia protested against this decision – because they supported Serbia in ‘fight’ for Bosnia- , Germany supported Austria-Hungary. Since France did not want to get involved in the Balkans conflicts, they simply drew back. Britain just protested to Austria-Hungary. So, as Russia was alone with out any allies in this â€Å"battle† and did not want to engage another war after losing to a Japan – they recognized the annexation of Bosnia by Austria-Hungary. This was great win for the Austro-German alliance. In the Bosnia crisis, Germany showed for the second time that they were ready to start the war. They proved it once more, in the Agadir crisis where they needed just a little spark. When French troops occupied the capital city of Morocco in order to put down rebellion against the Sultan, it looked like the France was ready to annex Morocco. To avert this to happen, Germans sent the warship called the Panther in port of Agadir. British Prime Minister Lloyd George said that Britain is not going to just stand by and he gave warning against further German expansion. After these warnings, Panther was ‘removed’ from port of Agadir and Germany recognized French protectorate of Morocco in return for two strips of territory in French Congo. In these crises, Germans showed how prepared they were and how hard they wanted something to happen just to start the war. Germany played a more active role in the outbreak of war in that the Sarajevo assassinations served only as an excuse to re-ignite the militaristic Prussian tradition that looked towards war as a method of solving any problems, domestic or international. [4] The greatest war of modern times, and perhaps in the whole history of the human race, was begun by Germany using the crime of a schoolboy as an excuse†¦[5] The important political role Kaiser Wilhelm II played was crucial to the outbreak of war in 1914. Through a nationalistic, militaristic and expansionistic foreign policy, Germany did everything to make a mess in a diplomatic world. Germany actually created situation in which the slightest spark would explode in Europe-wide conflict. In the bottom line, Germany first invaded Belgium to get to the France in order to complete Schlieffen plan. They were rightly accused for causing all the damage and the loss to which other European countries and their people have been subjected. How to cite Did Germany Cause The World War I, Essay examples

Environmental Risk Factors

Question: Discuss about theEnvironmental Risk Factors. Answer: Introduction Everyone looks forward to enjoying a healthy life free from diseases and injuries. However, this might be an ideal situation that might not be realized because of the numerous challenges and risk factors encountered on day-to-day basis. This implies that there are numerous environmental factors that expose individuals to injuries and different kinds of ailments (Jha Peto, 2014). Although some of these factors are not directly contributed by the human beings, human life can be protected from diseases and injuries if appropriate measures are taken (Silva, Colvin, Hagemann Bower, 2014). This paper presents a candid discussion on the impacts of environmental factors on human health. It narrows down to smoking and unintentional environmental childhood injuries by analyzing the causes, impacts, and preventive measures. Smoking in the Environment Smoking is an activity that involves the inhalation of tobacco smoke via ones mouth in the form of pipe, cigar or cigarette. It is a very common activity done by a large number of people across the country. According to official health records, 16% of Australian population engages in daily smoking activities (Dusingize, Olsen, Pandeya, Thompson, Neale, Subramaniam Green, 2016). Smoking is embraced by many people because of prestige, peer pressure, and excitement. Some people also smoke because of the perception that it can help in relieving stress. However, these are misleading beliefs because smoking has no ability to improve ones life. In fact, it is a risky behavior that exposes the users and other people to a wide range of health challenges. Whenever used by an individual, smoking can cause harm on the users life as well as that of the other people who are around the user. Effects of Smoking in the Environment Research has proven that tobacco has nicotine and tar, dangerous substances that affect nearly all organs of the body. Its effects are not limited to any section of the society, but to anyone who uses it or gets exposed to it. The first effect of tobacco smoking is that it causes numerous diseases to the user. These include lung cancer, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), peripheral artery disease, leukemia, periodontal, gingivitiss, diabetes, and many others (French, Jang, Tait Anstey, 2013). At the same time, the effects of smoking can be spread to non-smokers who are exposed to secondhand smoking. Should this happen, the secondhand smokers can be at risk of contracting diseases like coronary diseases, heart attack, and stroke. At the same time, smoking can affect the unborn babies whose mothers are smoking during pregnancy. Such babies are at a greater risk of congenital birth defects, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), and low birth weight. Meanwhile, children who are exposed to secondhand smoking as a result of the smoking tendencies of their parents are prone to pneumonia, bronchitis, asthma, coughing, and wheezing (Gall, Huynh, Magnussen, Juonala, Viikari, Kahonen Venn, 2014). A part from causing such diseases, smoking results into other health challenges such as the impairment of the users Central Nervous System (CNS), loss of appetite, sexuality, and mood. Worse still, smoking leads to death (Furber, Jackson, Johnson, Sukara Franco, 2013). A large number of people have lost their lives as a result of the use of tobacco. According to scientific research, smoke is the second largest cause of preventable deaths in Australia. Recommendations on how to Deal with the Problem of Smoking As already highlighted, smoking is a risky behavior that should be eliminated from the society. There are many ways through which the use of cigarettes can be limited or totally eradicated from causing more health challenges to the society. First, an appeal should be made to the smokers to stop using cigarettes because the behavior not only affects them, but other users as well. To do so, counseling services should be recommended to the addicts to help them acknowledge the dangers and adopt a smoking-free lifestyle (Schottenfeld, Beebe-Dimmer, Buffler Omenn, 2013). It can be of great benefit if the urge to refrain from smoking activities is initiated by the smoker themselves. Once the smoker makes a choice to do so, nothing can prevent them from accomplishing it as long as the necessary support is provided by a therapist and other close family members. Meanwhile, the government, through its relevant agencies, should come up with appropriate strategies to deal with smoking in the society (Pandol, Eibl, Waldron, Gukovskaya, Go, Habtezion Lugea, 2016). Top on this list should be policy formulations to reduce the accessibility of and use of cigarettes by the people. All the existing laws governing smoking activities such as cigarette sale, possession, use and exposure to children should be amended to be more stringent. This can be achieved by coming up with taxation measures and prohibition of alcohol use in the public as well as restriction of its use by the minors and expectant women (Fraser, Gartner Hall, 2014). These measures can help in ensuring that no cases of secondhand smoking are experienced in the society, a commendable initiative that will rid-off the society from toxic nicotine and tar chemicals. Environmental Indoor and Outdoor Childhood Injuries Childhood is one of most challenging stages in human development. Children especially infants are exposed to lots of indoor and outdoor injuries wherever they are. This is due to the fact that they are curious, active and innocent about the imminent dangers facing them in whatever they encounter. The same challenge extends even to the teenagers who have a lot of energy to spend touching and exploring their immediate surroundings. There are different environmental factors that can expose children to injuries both at home, on the road, in school, at the playground, recreational facilities and anywhere else they might be at any given time of the day. Some of the risky environmental factors that affect children include poisons; pollution; disasters like earthquake, floods, cold weather; unsafe construction sites, swimming pools, kitchen, playgrounds, water bodies, and cliffs; unsafe properties like farm equipments, pesticides, medicines, stoves, cigarette lighters, contaminated food, and matches (De Young, Hendrikz, Kenardy, Cobham Kimble, 2014). Effects of Environmental Injuries on Childrens Health Environmental injuries exposure to such risky environment can affect the child by causing physical bodily harm. For example, a child who touches fire can get bruised. The same thing can happen to a child who falls down when climbing a cliff or gets injured while playing in the field. Such injuries can be troubling because they not only cause physical pain, but also contribute to psychological distress suffered by the child (Catroppa, Crossley, Hearps, Yeates, Beauchamp, Rogers Anderson, 2015). A distressed child is not comfortable because they cannot concentrate on any activity such as schoolwork which is of course important in their lives. The other effect of environmental injuries to the children is that they can cause diseases. Research has proven that diseases like tetanus, cancer and mental disorders can result from physical injuries. For example, a bruised body can develop wounds that if not properly and timely nursed, can develop to be tetanus. On the other hand, persistent trauma experienced due to physical injury can cause anxiety and trauma that can be unhealthy for the mental development of a child. Last, but not least, exposure to environmental risk factors can eventually result into the death of a child (Catroppa, Crossley, Hearps, Yeates, Beauchamp, Rogers Anderson, 2015). In Australia, research has proven that an injury is a leading cause of childhood deaths. This is because many children have died as a result of poisons, drowning, accidental falls, road accidents, and pollution. Recommendations on How to Address the Challenge of Environmental Injuries Having acknowledged that childhood injury is a serious issue of health concern, it can be better if appropriate measures are taken to save the lives of children. This paper therefore recommends that the most important measure to take is to beef up adult supervision on children. Since children may be declared innocent of the imminent dangers of their actions, the parents should be so responsible in providing the necessary guidance and supervision whenever necessary. Should proper supervision strategies be adopted, children can be saved from any injuries that might be experienced at anytime (De Young, Hendrikz, Kenardy, Cobham Kimble, 2014). However, this role should be discharged in collaboration with other important stakeholders such as parents, older siblings, baby-sitters, house helps, teachers, drivers, recreational facility owners, and the society at large. If done as required, children would be effectively shielded from any dangers that might be experienced by the children whet her they are playing in the house, riding bicycle, swimming, eating, or engaged in any form of physical and sporting activities. Some of these measures are the use of helmet while riding bicycle, fencing of the compound, storage of poison and medication away from childrens reach, safe driving, monitoring childrens movements, and keeping of unsafe gadgets like stoves away from children (Catroppa, Crossley, Hearps, Yeates, Beauchamp, Rogers Anderson, 2015). At the same time, the government should come up with stiffer policies to regulate parental supervision, traffic rules, monitoring of recreational facilities, and teenage driving. These can help in saving the lives of children from unnecessary environmental injuries. Conclusion An interaction with ones environment can determine how healthy one becomes. When the environment is unsafe, it can be risky and make individuals to be vulnerable to a number of health issues: diseases, death, and disabilities. As an activity, smoking has a potential of affecting the user as well as other people who might suffer as a result of secondhand smoking. Therefore, to reduce the prevalence of lung cancer, diabetes, and other smoke-related diseases, smoking should be highly regulated and stopped if necessary. Similar magnitude of stern measures should be taken to address the challenges of childhood injuries that have not only caused physical pain, but disabled and killed so many children. References Catroppa, C., Crossley, L., Hearps, S. J., Yeates, K. O., Beauchamp, M., Rogers, K., Anderson, V. (2015). Social and behavioral outcomes: pre-injury to six months followingchildhood traumatic brain injury. Journal of neurotrauma, 32(2), 109-115. De Young, A. C., Hendrikz, J., Kenardy, J. A., Cobham, V. E., Kimble, R. M. (2014). Prospective evaluation of parent distress following pediatric burns and identification of risk factors for young child and parent posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Child andAdolescent Psychopharmacology, 24(1), 9-17. Dusingize, J. C., Olsen, C. M., Pandeya, N., Thompson, B., Neale, R. E., Subramaniam, P., ... Green, A. C. (2016). Cigarette smoking and the risks of incident basal cell carcinoma andsquamous cell carcinoma in a large population-based cohort study. Dermatology OnlineJournal, 22(9). French, D. J., Jang, S. N., Tait, R. J., Anstey, K. J. (2013). Cross-national gender differencesin the socioeconomic factors associated with smoking in Australia, the United States ofAmerica and South Korea. International journal of public health, 58(3), 345-353. Fraser, D., Gartner, C., Hall, W. (2014). Patterns of tobacco smoking among illicit drug usersin Australia 20012010. Drug and alcohol review, 33(5), 534-539. Furber, S., Jackson, J., Johnson, K., Sukara, R., Franco, L. (2013). A qualitative study ontobacco smoking and betel quid use among Burmese refugees in Australia. Journal ofImmigrant and Minority Health, 15(6), 1133-1136. Gall, S. L., Huynh, Q. L., Magnussen, C. G., Juonala, M., Viikari, J. S. A., Kahonen, M., ... Venn, A. (2014, January). Exposure to parental smoking in childhood is associated withincreased carotid intima-media thickness in young adults: Evidence from two prospectivecohort studies in Australia and Finland. In CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES (Vol. 37, 116-116). ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND: KARGER. Jha, P., Peto, R. (2014). Global effects of smoking, of quitting, and of taxing tobacco. New England Journal of Medicine, 370(1), 60-68. Pandol, S., Eibl, G., Waldron, R., Gukovskaya, A., Go, V. L., Habtezion, A., ... Lugea, A. (2016). Experimental approach to determine the effects of diet, alcohol and smoking onpancreatic carcinogenesis. Pancreatology, 16(4), S28. Schottenfeld, D., Beebe-Dimmer, J. L., Buffler, P. A., Omenn, G. S. (2013). Currentperspective on the global and United States cancer burden attributable to lifestyle andenvironmental risk factors. Annual review of public health, 34, 97-117. Silva, D., Colvin, L., Hagemann, E., Bower, C. (2014). Environmental risk factors by genderassociated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics, 133(1), e14-e22.